Self‐Assembled Stable Magnetic COF Super‐Particles Through Electrostatic Interaction for Efficient Removal and Detection of PFAS Combined with LC‐MS/MS
Hongzhen Tang, Lin Qiu, Liang He, Lin Zhao, Rong Qin, Xueyan Nan, Zhizhou Liu, Pengli Bai
Abstract
Abstract The stability and biological toxicity of per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are currently the most severe environmental issues, posing a huge threat to human health. The governance and detection of PFAS is currently a huge challenge. Herein, a dual‐functionalized spherical covalent organic framework (COF) is developed with fluorine and cationic groups, combined with magnetic nanoparticles to form binary magnetic COF super‐particles (SPs). The COF has high crystallinity, a spherical and hollow structure, and a strong positive charge. SPs exhibited broad‐spectrum and high adsorption capability toward PFAS (631 mg g −1 for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA)) and rapid equilibrium (<30 s), which maintained ≈100% capacity retention over five cycles. For detection, the SPs can be used as a pre‐concentration platform for PFAS through efficient magnetic solid‐phase extraction (MSPE), simplifying LC‐MS/MS analysis with a detection limit of 0.0009–0.13 ng L −1 for 18 PFAS compounds. The method achieved high recovery (80%–120%) in environmental and biological samples, demonstrating robust performance for PFAS removal and trace analysis.