The role of miRNA-128 in the development and progression of gastrointestinal and urogenital cancer
Ghaidaa Raheem Lateef Al‐Awsi, Saade Abdalkareem Jasim, Yasser Fakri Mustafa, Firas Rahi Alhachami, Shukhrat Ziyadullaev, Mahmoud Kandeel, Roua Abulkassim, R. Sivaraman, Noora M. Hameed, Rosario Mireya Romero‐Parra, Sajad Karampoor, Rasoul Mirzaei
Abstract
Increasing data have shown the significance of various miRNAs in malignancy. In this regard, parallel to its biological role in normal tissues, miRNA-128 (miR-128) has been found to play an essential immunomodulatory function in the process of cancer initiation and development. The occurrence of the aberrant expression of miR-128 in tumors and the unique properties of miRNAs raise the prospect of their use as biomarkers and the next generation of molecular anticancer therapies. The function of miR-128 in malignancies such as breast, prostate, colorectal, gastric, pancreatic, esophageal, cervical, ovarian and bladder cancers and hepatocellular carcinoma is discussed in this review. Finally, the effect of exosomal miR-128 on cancer resistance to therapeutics and cancer immunotherapy in certain malignancies is highlighted.