The Economic Impact of Cognitive Impairment and Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia
Christoph U. Correll, Pin Xiang, Kaushik Sarikonda, Nikhil Bhagvandas, Matthew Gitlin
Abstract
. To conduct a targeted literature review to examine the impact of cognitive impairment and negative symptoms among patients with schizophrenia treated in the United States across a range of outcomes pertinent to the US health care system decision-makers, such as payers and policy-makers. The authors searched EMBASE and PubMed from January 2012 to January 2024. Search terms included schizophrenia, cognitive impairment and negative symptoms, and direct medical and nonmedical, indirect, and societal outcomes. Considered for inclusion were US-based studies reporting on the relationship between cognitive impairment or negative symptoms and direct medical and nonmedical, indirect, and societal outcomes in patients with schizophrenia. A total of 4,212 articles were initially identified for screening. One reviewer extracted data and another reviewer ensured studies met Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes, Study Design-Time Period (PICOS-T) criteria for inclusion and exclusion. < .001) over the study period (2014 Q1-2017 Q4) for patients with negative symptoms vs without negative symptoms. Direct nonmedical, indirect, and societal outcomes are described. This review highlights the economic burden of cognitive impairment and negative symptoms by focusing on outcomes relevant to health care decision-makers in the United States.