All Molecular-Based Electrochemical Nano-Biosensors Depend on a Very Specific System to Detect or Track The Target Molecule
Afshin Rashid
Abstract
Note: All electrochemical nano biosensors that have a molecular base depend on a very specific system to detect or track their target molecule. The importance of an electrochemical nanobiosensor is to provide a suitable support for connecting the target molecule to the probe and creating an electrical signal that can be measured and read.In the building of electrochemical biosensors, the minimum parts that are used in a biosensor are: molecular recognition layer and signal transducer which can be connected to a measuring device (device readout) of these signals. DNA is usually a suitable tool as a biosensor because the base pairing reaction between complementary sequences is both specific and stable. In this case, single-stranded probe DNA is immobilized on the detection layer, and then the target DNA reacts with the probe on the surface by pairing. The repetitiveness and unity of DNA structures makes their accumulation on the surface very specific. It is on this surface that the target DNA is taken and the signal is created. Therefore, it is important to immobilize the nucleic acid of the probe while maintaining its initial adhesion strength to detect the target DNA. But how this diagnostic process is measured depends on the method of signal transduction, which may be optical, mechanical, or electrochemical. Optical bisensors that work based on fluorescence light have some characteristics. These types of biosensors are sensitive to molecules per square centimeter. They consist of 7 rows, so that their detection limit is almost made of thousands of probes.