Elentári:a massive proto-supercluster at<scp> <i>z</i> ∼ 3.3</scp> in the <scp>cosmos</scp> field
Ben Forrest, B. C. Lemaux, Ekta Shah, Priti Staab, I. McConachie, O. Cucciati, R. R. Gal, Denise Hung, Lori M. Lubin, L. P. Cassará, P. Cassata, Wenjun Chang, Michael C. Cooper, Roberto Decarli, Percy Gómez, Gayathri Gururajan, Nimish P. Hathi, Daichi Kashino, Danilo Marchesini, Z Cemile Marsan, M. McDonald, Adam Muzzin, Lu Shen, Stephanie M. Urbano Stawinski, M. Talia, D. Vergani, Gillian Wilson, G. Zamorani
Abstract
ABSTRACT Motivated by spectroscopic confirmation of three overdense regions in the COSMOS field at z ∼ 3.35, we analyse the uniquely deep multiwavelength photometry and extensive spectroscopy available in the field to identify any further related structure. We construct a three-dimensional density map using the Voronoi tesselation Monte Carlo method and find additional regions of significant overdensity. Here, we present and examine a set of six overdense structures at 3.20 &lt; z &lt; 3.45 in the COSMOS field, the most well-characterized of which, PCl J0959 + 0235, has 80 spectroscopically confirmed members and an estimated mass of 1.35 × 1015 M⊙, and is modelled to virialize at z ∼ 1.5−2.0. These structures contain 10 overdense peaks with &gt;5σ overdensity separated by up to 70 cMpc, suggestive of a proto-supercluster similar to the Hyperion system at z ∼ 2.45. Upcoming photometric surveys with JWST such as COSMOS-Web, and further spectroscopic follow-up will enable more extensive analysis of the evolutionary effects that such an environment may have on its component galaxies at these early times.