Multi‐Mechanism Encapsulation in a Bio‐Stimulant‐Based Smart Nanocarrier Enhances Fusarium Head Blight Control Through Synergistic Action and Triggered Release
Chengyi He, Siyang Liu, Yunfei Zhang, Jing Li, Tianyue Wu, Xingyu Zhang, Yanling Wu, Yue Wang, Tingjun Zhong, Fengpei Du
Abstract
Abstract Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) threatens global wheat production, exacerbated by fungicide resistance. Synergistic dual‐fungicide combinations show promise, but achieving precise, environmentally‐triggered release on the target remains challenging, and traditional pesticide delivery systems have biosafety issues. To address these limitations, a bio‐stimulant‐based smart nano‐delivery system for enhanced FHB management is introduced. Utilizing bio‐stimulant‐derived polyglutamic acid and natural cyclodextrin derivatives, this system co‐encapsulates tebuconazole (TEB) and prothioconazole (PTC) through multi‐mechanism driven loading, enabling precisely‐ratioed (M PTC :M TEB = 4:3) and pH‐responsive release. By strategically employing hydrogen bonding and host‐guest interactions to control loading, and electrostatic forces with hydrophobic interactions to drive the assembly of the nanocarrier architecture, this nanoscale construct achieves predictable, tailored release kinetics, maximizing synergistic antifungal activity against Fusarium graminearum. The eco‐friendly system exhibits enhanced biocompatibility and reduces phytotoxicity, target characterization reveals membrane‐like nanoparticle deposition more efficiently delivers and retains the fungicide. Therefore, this study underscores precision nano‐delivery via multi‐mechanism loaded bio‐stimulant nanocarriers can overcome current fungicide limitations. And the work highlights the importance of developing bio‐based pesticide nanocarriers with stimuli‐responsive performance, paving the way for sustainable, effective, and environmentally responsible FHB control.