Interpenetrated Donor–Acceptor Heterojunctions in 2D Conjugated Dibenzo[<i>g</i>,<i>p</i>]chrysene-Based Kagome Covalent Organic Frameworks
Tianhao Xue, Roman Guntermann, Alexander Biewald, Dominic Blätte, Dana D. Medina, Achim Hartschuh, Thomas Bein
Abstract
Dibenzo[ g, p ]chrysene can be viewed as a constrained propeller-shaped tetraphenylethylene with reduced curvature and has been utilized to construct dual-pore kagome covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with tightly packed two-dimensional (2D) layers owing to its rigid and more planar structural characteristics. Here, we introduce 2D COFs based on the node 4,4′,4″,4‴-(dibenzo[ g, p ]chrysene-2,7,10,15-tetraphenyl)tetraamine (DBCTPTA) featuring extended conjugation compared to the dibenzo[ g, p ]chrysene-3,6,11,14-tetraamine (DBCTA) node. We establish two exceptionally crystalline imine-linked 2D COFs with a hexagonal dual-pore kagome structure based on the DBCTPTA core. The newly synthesized thienothiophene (TT) and benzodithiophene (BDT)-based DBCTPTA COFs show a tight stacking behavior between adjacent layers. Furthermore, we obtained an unprecedented, interpenetrated electron-donor/acceptor host–guest system with an electron-donating BDT DBCTPTA COF synthesized in situ with the soluble fullerene derivative [6,6]-phenyl-C 61 -butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) serving as molecular acceptor. The BDT DBCTPTA COF@PCBM film shows a much shorter amplitude-averaged PL lifetime of 7 ± 2 ps compared to 30 ± 4 ps of the BDT DBCTPTA COF film, indicating the light-induced charge transfer process. The successful in situ formation of interpenetrated donor–acceptor heterojunctions within 2D COFs offers a promising strategy for establishing D–A heterojunctions in diverse framework materials with open channel systems.