Exercise-induced BDNF promotes PPARδ-dependent reprogramming of lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle during exercise recovery
Wing Suen Chan, Chun Fai Ng, Brian Pak Shing Pang, Miaojia Hang, Margaret Chui Ling Tse, Elsie Chit Yu Iu, Xin Ci Ooi, Xiuying Yang, Jason K. Kim, Chi Wai Lee, Chi Bun Chan
Abstract
Post-exercise recovery is essential to resolve metabolic perturbations and promote long-term cellular remodeling in response to exercise. Here, we report that muscle-generated brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) elicits post-exercise recovery and metabolic reprogramming in skeletal muscle. BDNF increased the post-exercise expression of the gene encoding PPARδ (peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor δ), a transcription factor that is a master regulator of lipid metabolism. After exercise, mice with muscle-specific Bdnf knockout ( MBKO ) exhibited impairments in PPARδ-regulated metabolic gene expression, decreased intramuscular lipid content, reduced β-oxidation, and dysregulated mitochondrial dynamics. Moreover, MBKO mice required a longer period to recover from a bout of exercise and did not show increases in exercise-induced endurance capacity. Feeding naïve mice with the bioavailable BDNF mimetic 7,8-dihydroxyflavone resulted in effects that mimicked exercise-induced adaptations, including improved exercise capacity. Together, our findings reveal that BDNF is an essential myokine for exercise-induced metabolic recovery and remodeling in skeletal muscle.