Improving cancer immunotherapy by targeting IL-1
Zhilan Xiao, Shubhra Singh, Manisha Singh
Abstract
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is an inflammatory cytokine associated with tumor invasiveness and metastasis. We recently found that baseline IL-1 in melanomas promoted resistance to immunotherapy by creating an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and that IL-1 produced in response to CD40 agonist also induced resistance to therapy. Here, we discuss how naturally occurring and immunotherapy-induced IL-1 in tumors causes immune suppression and resistance to immunotherapy, and we discuss targeting the IL-1 pathway to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy.
Topics & Concepts
ImmunotherapyMedicineTumor microenvironmentImmune systemCancer researchCytokineCancer immunotherapyCancerAcquired resistanceMelanomaAgonistImmunologyTumor-infiltrating lymphocytesTumor immunologyIpilimumabOncologyClinical trialCancer treatmentInflammationPD-L1Inflammasome and immune disordersChemokine receptors and signalingImmune Cell Function and Interaction