Artificial intelligence in health care: laying the Foundation for Responsible, sustainable, and inclusive innovation in low- and middle-income countries
Hassane Alami, Lysanne Rivard, Pascale Lehoux, Steven J. Hoffman, Stéphanie B.M. Cadeddu, Mathilde Savoldelli, M. Samri, Mohamed Ali Ag Ahmed, Richard Fleet, Jean‐Paul Fortin
Abstract
The World Health Organization and other institutions are considering Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a technology that can potentially address some health system gaps, especially the reduction of global health inequalities in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, because most AI-based health applications are developed and implemented in high-income countries, their use in LMICs contexts is recent and there is a lack of robust local evaluations to guide decision-making in low-resource settings. After discussing the potential benefits as well as the risks and challenges raised by AI-based health care, we propose five building blocks to guide the development and implementation of more responsible, sustainable, and inclusive AI health care technologies in LMICs.