Heterocycles, their Synthesis and Industrial Applications: A Review
Kwa Clovis Dze
Abstract
Aromatic heterocycles are planar rings of atoms containing at least one non-carbon atom (N, S, O) and contains (4n+2)π electrons. A vast number of different classes exists for example pyrrole, thiophene, furan, pyridine, azoles, indoles, Isoindoles, quinolines, isoquinolines, Benzofurans, Isobenzofurans, benzothiophenes, Isobenzothiophenes, pteridines, purines. These ring compounds possess interesting pharmacological and biological activities which include: anti-malarial, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antifungal, antibacterial and are also used as pesticides: herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, rodenticides, and as stimulators and regulators of plant growth as well as fluorescence materials, ionic liquids, dyes and pigments. There are several established methods for their synthesis. This research paper aims at highlighting these very diversities of these ring compounds and the different methods by which they could be synthesized.