An Experimental Study on Various Industrial Wastes in Concrete for Sustainable Construction
Sanjay R. Salla, C. D. Modhera, Uppara Raghu Babu
Abstract
The current era shows that innovation and reuse of industrial by-products are necessary to protect the environment and sustainable development. The production of cement highly harms the environment in terms of CO2 emissions. Cement production contributes to nearly 5.0% of the global pollution that is induced by CO2 emissions. The present study shows the role of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) in construction industries. The two different SCMs, namely cinder and processed granulated ground blast furnace slag (GGBS), were used to replace cement. Different blends were prepared by replacing ordinary Portland cement (OPC) with cinder up to 70% intervals of 10% and up to 50% of processed GGBS at 5% intervals. The different tests were conducted like specific gravity, setting time, fineness, and compressive strength of different prepared blends to ensure the pozzolanic reactivity of SCMs. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) test results showed that available oxides like calcium, silica, aluminum, and iron oxides are suitable for replacing cement with cinder and processed GGBS. In addition to these, to find out possible optimum among the various prepared blends, techniques for order performance by similarity to ideal solution method was adopted. Cost analysis shows that the overall cost of material can be reduced by 16%. Energy analysis shows that cinder and processed GGBS could reduce energy consumption by 24.56% and 3.6%, respectively.