One-pot green synthesis of Ag/Ni/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-activated carbon beads for recyclable photo-Fenton antibiotic removal and antibacterial action: mechanistic study and optimization
Viet Hung Hoang, Thi Ngoc Bich Phan, Van Thanh Nguyen, Thi Thao Le, Minh Hieu, Van Tuynh Luu, Vy Anh Tran, Van‐Dat Doan, Van Thuan Le
Abstract
. This dual functionality allows Ag/Ni/MACB to simultaneously degrade organic pollutants and eliminate bacterial contamination, demonstrating self-cleaning capability. The catalyst retained 83.61% efficiency after five cycles with negligible metal leaching, highlighting its long-term stability and recyclability. Additionally, the degradation pathway of ENR was elucidated, providing deeper insights into the reaction mechanism. By integrating sustainable material design, enhanced photocatalytic properties, and antibacterial action, Ag/Ni/MACB serves as a versatile and cost-effective solution for wastewater treatment, offering simultaneous pollutant degradation and microbial disinfection in a single step.