Photocatalytic setup for <i>in situ</i> and <i>operando</i> ambient-pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy at MAX IV Laboratory
Alexander Klyushin, Manoj Kumar Ghosalya, Esko Kokkonen, Calley Eads, Rosemary Jones, Naresh Nalajala, Chinnakonda S. Gopinath, Samuli Urpelainen
Abstract
The Ambient-Pressure X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (APXPS) endstation at the SPECIES beamline at MAX IV Laboratory has been improved. The latest upgrades help in performing photo-assisted experiments under operando conditions in the mbar pressure range using gas and vapour mixtures whilst also reducing beam damage to the sample caused by X-ray irradiation. This article reports on endstation upgrades for APXPS and examples of scientific cases of in situ photocatalysis, photoreduction and photo-assisted atomic layer deposition (photo-ALD).
Topics & Concepts
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopyAmbient pressureBeamlinePhotocatalysisIrradiationIn situAnalytical Chemistry (journal)High pressureSpectroscopyMaterials scienceChemistryOpticsBeam (structure)Environmental chemistryPhysicsCatalysisNuclear magnetic resonanceOrganic chemistryThermodynamicsEngineering physicsQuantum mechanicsNuclear physicsElectronic and Structural Properties of OxidesLuminescence Properties of Advanced MaterialsElectron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques