Dissolution Rate of Nanomaterials Determined by Ions and Particle Size under Lysosomal Conditions: Contributions to Standardization of Simulant Fluids and Analytical Methods
Ilaria Zanoni, Johannes G. Keller, Ursula G. Sauer, Philipp Müller, Lan Ma‐Hock, Keld Alstrup Jensen, Anna Luisa Costa, Wendel Wohlleben
Abstract
particles most likely due to ion dissolution, reprecipitation, and coalescence between neighboring particles. Based on the current evidence, the particle size by TEM analysis is not a sufficiently sensitive analytical method to deduce the rate of ENM dissolution in physiological media. In summary, we recommend the standardization of ENM dissolution testing by one of the three valid lysosomal simulant fluids with determination of the dissolution rate and halftime by the quantification of ions. This recommendation was established for a continuous flow system but may be relevant as well for static (batch) solubility testing.