Exploring the phototoxicity of GSH-resistant 2-(5,6-dichloro-1<i>H</i>-benzo[<i>d</i>]imidazol-2-yl)quinoline-based Ir(<scp>iii</scp>)-PTA complexes in MDA-MB-231 cancer cells
Utpal Das, Priyankar Paira
Abstract
(DD)Cl]·Cl (DDIR) against TNBC cells because of the high GSH resistance power of the complex DDIRP. The significant potency of the complex DDIRP under photo irradiation in both normoxia and hypoxia conditions can be attributed to selective transportation, high cellular permeability and uptake towards the nucleus, GSH depletion by GSH-GSSG conversion, the ability of strong DNA binding including intercalation, and oxidative stress. The strong affinity to serum albumin, which serves as a carrier protein, aids in the transport of the complex to its target site while preventing glutathione (GSH) deactivation. Consequently, the complex DDIRP was developed as a suitable phototoxic complex in selective cancer therapy, ruling over the usual chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin and the PDT drug Photofrin. The ability of ROS generation under hypoxic conditions delivers this complex as a hypoxia-efficient selective metallodrug for the treatment of TNBC.