Biofilm Microenvironment-Mediated Dual-Gases-Driven Nanomotors for Combating Drug-Resistant Bacterial Infections
Jia Zheng, Hao Liu, Yuanyuan Deng, Lizhen Lian, Hua Nian, Senfeng Zhao, Wansong Chen, Jianghua Li, You‐Nian Liu
Abstract
Biofilms become increasingly resistant to antibacterial agents because of the presence of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Nanomotors possessing autonomous movement exhibit a high efficacy in antibiofilm therapy. Herein, a nanomotor (Cu-tbDMSNs@Arg) driven by NO and H 2 S gases is proposed. Cu-tbDMSNs@Arg nanomotors can rapidly penetrate biofilms by releasing NO and H 2 S simultaneously in biofilm microenvironments (BME) with high levels of H 2 O 2 and GSH. In addition, the nanomotor containing Cu 2+ can regulate the Fenton-like reaction to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), which substantially enhances the antibacterial effect of the nanomotor, to result in a 2.47 log 10 reduction in bacterial cell counts. Furthermore, in a Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-infected pyomyositis mice model, Cu-tbDMSNs@Arg nanomotors can effectively target and accumulate at the site of infection to eliminate biofilm and have anti-inflammatory and angiogenic capabilities. This novel BME-mediated NO and H 2 S dual-gas-driven nanomotor offers an appealing alternative for treating biofilm infections with excellent biocompatibility.