Application and research progress of organoids in cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder carcinoma.
Yun-peng Huang, Kai Liu, Yongxiang Wang, Yang Yang, Li Xiong, Zijian Zhang, Yu Wen
Abstract
model is urgently needed to increase our understanding of the pathogenesis of BTCs. Tumor organoids are a novel three-dimensional (3D) culture technology that utilizes samples from removed tumors. Therefore, it can maintain the histological features, expression profiles and marker expression of the parental tissues. Recently, with the widespread use of this technique, increasing research is beginning to use organoid to study the cellular metabolism, pathogenesis, chemotherapy resistance, and new therapy methods of BTCs. In this review, we will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of BTC organoids compared with other cell culture techniques. In addition, the construction methods, research directions and current limitations of BTC organoids will be described.