Use of chlorhexidine chip after scaling and root planning on periodontal disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Cléber Davi Del Rei Daltro Rosa, Jéssica Marcela de Luna Gomes, Sandra Lúcia Dantas de Moraes, Cleidiel Aparecido Araújo Lemos, Tatiana Prosini da Fonte, João Pedro Justino de Oliveira Limírio, Eduardo Piza Pellizzer
Abstract
This systematic review aims to assess the efficacy chlorhexidine chip as an adjunctive therapy of scaling and root planning on periodontal disease treatment. This study follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines (PRISMA) and was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42019148221). The search was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane databases until April 2020. The PICO question was: “Is the chlorhexidine chip (CHX) effective as an adjunctive therapy of scaling and root planning on periodontal disease treatment?”. Inclusion criteria involved: randomized controlled clinical trials, with a minimum of 15 patients included on the sample and each patient has two sites of probing depth of ≥5 mm; The minimum follow up was at least 1 months of follow-up and the outcomes present in the studies probing depth (PD), plaque index (PI) and clinical attachment level (CAL) after scaling and root planning (SRP). After searching the databases, 13 articles were selected for qualitative and 8 for quantitative analysis. Were included 427 patients, with a mean age of 45.6 years. The results shown that the association of chlorhexidine chips to scaling and root planning reduce periodontal pocket depths (P < 0.00001; MD −0.77 [CI −1.0 to −0.55]; I2 = 23%, P = 0.24), gain on the clinical attachment level (P < 0.0001; MD −0.57 [CI −0.86 to −0.27]; I2 = 33%, P = 0.18P < 0.0001) and reduction on plaque index (P = 0.04; MD −0.23 [CI −0.45 to −0.01]; I2 = 91%, P < 0.00001). Thus, we can conclude that chlorhexidine chip when used associated to scaling and root planning promoted a significant improvement the reduction of periodontal diseases.