Nephroprotective Effect of the Virgin Olive Oil Polyphenol Hydroxytyrosol in Type 1-like Experimental Diabetes Mellitus: Relationships with Its Antioxidant Effect
María Dolores Rodríguez-Pérez, Juan Antonio López-Villodres, M.M. Arrebola, Esther Martín Aurioles, África Fernández‐Prior, Alejandra Bermúdez‐Oria, María Carmen Ríos, J.P. De La Cruz, José Antonio González Correa
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether hydroxytyrosol administration prevented kidney damage in an experimental model of type 1 diabetes mellitus in rats. Hydroxytyrosol was administered to streptozotocin-diabetic rats: 1 and 5 mg/kg/day p.o. for two months. After hydroxytyrosol administration, proteinuria was significantly reduced (67-73%), calculated creatinine clearance was significantly increased (26-38%), and the glomerular volume and glomerulosclerosis index were decreased (20-30%). Hydroxytyrosol reduced oxidative and nitrosative stress variables and thromboxane metabolite production. Statistical correlations were found between biochemical and kidney function variables. Oral administration of 1 and 5 mg/kg/day of hydroxytyrosol produced an antioxidant and nephroprotective effect in an experimental model of type 1-like diabetes mellitus. The nephroprotective effect was significantly associated with the systemic and renal antioxidant action of hydroxytyrosol, which also influenced eicosanoid production.