Interpretation of Isotherm Models for Adsorption of Ammonium onto Granular Activated Carbon
Nur Atikah, Nur Atikah Abdul Salim, Mohd Hafiz Puteh, Hairul Khamidun, Mohamad Ali Fulazzaky, Noorul Hudai Abdullah, Abdull Rahim, Mohd Suffian Yusoff, Muhammad Sohail Abbas, Muhammad Abbas Ahmad Zaini, Noraziah Ahmad, Zainab Mat Lazim, Maria Nuid, J Huang, N Kankanamge, C Chow, D Welsh, T Li, P Teasdale, Y Zhou, L Wang, Y Zhou, X Mao, R Li, J Wang, B Zhou, M Awasthi, A Ali, Z Zhang, A Mahar, Le Moal, M Gascuel-Odoux, C Mnesguen, A Souchon, Y trillard, C Levain, A Pinay, G, S Oakley, A Gold, A Oczkowski, Y Deng, S Huang, C Dong, Z Meng, X Wang, M Sarvajith, G Kiran Kumar Reddy, Y Nancharaiah, P Zhang, X Zeng, X Wen, C Yang, S Ouyang, P Li, R Frost, K Pavani, N Srujana, G Preethi, T Swati, S Nagoya, S Nakamichi, Y Kawase, J Lalley, C Han, X Li, D Dionysiou, M Nadagouda, R Fan, C Chen, J Lin, J Tzeng, C Huang, C Dong, C Huang, L Min, Z Zhongsheng, L Zhe, W Haitao, S Hubadillah, M Othman, Z Harun, A Ismail, M Rahman, J Jaafar, N Salim, N Abdullah, M Khairuddin, M Rudie Arman, M Khamidun, M Fulazzaky, M Puteh, L Wang, X Wang, X Jin, J Xu, H Zhang, J Yu, L Wang, H Rashidi Nodeh
Abstract
High amounts of ammonium (NH4+) discharged in receiving water can lead to eutrophication. The adsorption of NH4+ from synthetic solution onto granular activated carbon (GAC) was scrutinized with respect to initial solute concentration (10 mg L−1), solution volume (0.2 L), adsorbent dosage (4 – 20 g), and contact time. Experimental data can be well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2 > 0.994) and Freundlich isotherm model (R2 = 0.936), suggesting that chemisorption and multilayer adsorption occurred. Furthermore, this study explored the feasibility of using the Freundlich isotherm model to estimate the removal efficiency or required amount of adsorbent. The result findings indicated that GAC has a good potential to adsorb NH4+ from water and thus giving new insights into environmental engineering practices.