2021 ESC Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice
Frank L.J. Visseren, François Mach, Yvo M. Smulders, David Carballo, Konstantinos C. Koskinas, Maria Bäck, Athanase Bénétos, Alessandro Biffi, José-Manuel Boavida, Davide Capodanno, Bernard Cosyns, Carolyn Crawford, Constantinos H. Davos, Ileana Désormais, Emanuele Di Angelantonio, Oscar H. Franco, Sigrun Halvorsen, F D Richard Hobbs, Monika Hollander, Ewa A. Jankowska, Matthias Michal, Simona Sacco, Naveed Sattar, Lâle Tokgözoğlu, Serena Tonstad, Konstantinos Tsioufis, Ineke van Dis, Isabelle C. Van Gelder, Christoph Wanner, Bryan Williams, ESC Scientific Document Group, Guy De Backer, Vera Regitz‐Zagrosek, Anne Hege Aamodt, Magdy Abdelhamid, Victor Aboyans, Christian Albus, Riccardo Asteggiano, Magnus Bäck, Michael A. Borger, Carlos Brotons, Jelena Čelutkienė, Renata Cífková, Maja Čikeš, Francesco Cosentino, Nikolaos Dagres, Tine De Backer, Dirk De Bacquer, Victoria Delgado, Hester M. den Ruijter, Paul Dendale, Heinz Drexel, Volkmar Falk, Laurent Fauchier, Brian A. Ference, Jean Ferrières, Marc Ferrini, Miles Fisher, Danilo Fliser, Zlatko Fras, Dan Gaiță, Simona Giampaoli, Stephan Gielen, Ian Graham, Catriona Jennings, Torben Jørgensen, Alexandra Kautzky‐Willer, Maryam Kavousi, Wolfgang Köenig, А. О. Конради, Dipak Kotecha, Ulf Landmesser, Madalena Lettino, Basil S. Lewis, Aleš Linhart, Maja‐Lisa Løchen, Konstantinos Makrilakis, Giuseppe Mancia, Pedro Marques‐Vidal, John W. McEvoy, Paul McGreavy, Béla Merkely, Lis Neubeck, Jens Cosedis Nielsen, Joep Perk, Steffen E. Petersen, Anna Sonia Petronio, Massimo Piepoli, Nana Goar Pogosova, Eva Prescott, Kausik K. Ray, Željko Reiner, Dimitrios Richter, Lars Rydén, Е. V. Shlyakhto, Marta Sitges, Miguel Sousa‐Uva, Isabella Sudano, Monica Tiberi, Rhian M. Touyz
Abstract
The ESC Guidelines represent the views of the ESC and were produced after careful consideration of the scientific and medical knowledge and the evidence available at the time of their publication. The ESC is not responsible in the event of any contradiction, discrepancy and/or ambiguity between the ESC Guidelines and any other official recommendations or guidelines issued by the relevant public health authorities, in particular in relation to good use of healthcare or therapeutic strategies. Health professionals are encouraged to take the ESC Guidelines fully into account when exercising their clinical judgment, as well as in the determination and the implementation of preventive, diagnostic or therapeutic medical strategies; however, the ESC Guidelines do not override, in any way whatsoever, the individual responsibility of health professionals to make appropriate and accurate decisions in consideration of each patient's health condition and in consultation with that patient and, where appropriate and/or necessary, the patient's caregiver. Nor do the ESC Guidelines exempt health professionals from taking into full and careful consideration the relevant official updated recommendations or guidelines issued by the competent public health authorities, in order to manage each patient's case in light of the scientifically accepted data pursuant to their respective ethical and professional obligations. It is also the health professional's responsibility to verify the applicable rules and regulations relating to drugs and medical devices at the time of prescription.