Synthesis of Ag2O/Ag Nanoparticles Using Puerarin: Characterization, Cytotoxicity, In Ovo Safety Profile, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Potential Against Nosocomial Pathogens
Sergio Liga, Raluca Dumitru, Lavinia Lupa, Elena-Alina Moacă, Delia Muntean, Lucian Barbu–Tudoran, Maria Suciu, Vlad Socoliuc, Fráncisc Péter
Abstract
(1) Background: Our study investigates the green synthesis of Ag2O/Ag nanoparticles using the isoflavone Puerarin as a bioreductor. (2) Methods: The PUE@Ag2O/Ag nanoparticles were characterized using various techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), electronic microscopy (TEM, SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Biological activities were assessed through antimicrobial testing, cytotoxicity assays on human keratinocytes and melanoma cells, and an in ovo screening using the HET-CAM assay. (3) Results: The formation of crystalline Ag2O/Ag nanoparticles with sizes below 100 nm was accomplished with Puerarin. Despite their high cytotoxicity at all tested concentrations, the nanoparticles showed antioxidant activity with IC50 981.5 ± 94.2 μg/mL, antibacterial activity against several clinically relevant nosocomial strains (Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa), and no local irritant effects or inhibition of angiogenesis in the HET-CAM assay. (4) Conclusions: This study provides insights into the synthesis, characterization, and biological profile of PUE@Ag2O/Ag nanoparticles for potential biomedical applications.