Effect of <i>Rosa laevigata</i> on PM10‐Induced Inflammatory Response of Human Lung Epithelial Cells
Hyun Min Ko, Seung-Han Choi, Yumi Kim, Eun-Jin An, Seung-Hyeon Lee, Kwan‐Il Kim, Hee-Jae Jung, Hyeung-Jin Jang
Abstract
Particulate matter 10 (PM10) with a diameter of less than 10 mm causes inflammation and allergic reactions in the airways and lungs, which adversely affects asthmatic patients. In this study, we examined the anti‐inflammatory effects of Rosa laevigata (RL), which has been previously investigated medicinally in Korea and China for the discovery of plant‐derived anti‐inflammatory agents with low side effects, using a PM10‐induced lung inflammatory disease model. Using MTT assay, we confirmed that in A549 cells pretreated with RL, cytotoxicity induced by PM10 (100 μ g/mL) exposure was attenuated. In addition, western blotting revealed that RL suppressed the expression level of MAPK/NF‐ κ B pathways and its downstream signal, COX‐2 in PM10‐induced A549 cells. Moreover, real‐time PCR demonstrated that RL downregulated the mRNA expression level of inflammatory cytokines (TNF‐ α , IL‐1 β , IL‐6, IL‐13, and IL‐17) in PM10‐induced A549 cells. Based on the results of this study, RL has been shown to relieve inflammation in the lungs due to PM10 exposure. Therefore, RL may be developed as a natural remedy for respiratory diseases caused by PM10 exposure.