Blockchain-Based Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading System Using Open-Source Angular Framework and Hypertext Transfer Protocol
Mirza Jabbar Aziz Baig, M. Tariq Iqbal, Mohsin Jamil, Jahangir Khan
Abstract
Renewable energy resources have been gaining ground in recent years and we are on the verge of a decentralized energy market with consumers becoming prosumers. Platforms that facilitate peer-to-peer (P2P) sale or purchase of energy are therefore essential. This paper presents a way to trade energy across P2P networks using blockchain technology. The main server is a Raspberry Pi 4 Model B (Pi4B), on which the user interface (UI) as well as the private Ethereum blockchain are configured. The blockchain also implements a smart contract. For the purpose of developing the UI that provides assistance in conducting trading activities, an open-source Angular framework is used. Also explored in the study is the development of an Internet of Things (IoT) server using the latest ESP32-S3 microcontroller. The field instrumentation devices (FIDs) are connected to the microcontroller for the purpose of data acquisition and for subsequent transmission to an IoT server. The blockchain network maintains a record of all transactions in an immutable manner. Assuring security is achieved through a local configuration of the system, hosted on a private network with restricted access. For the purposes of information security and data integrity, additional security measures are also considered, such as a secret recovery phrase, firewalls, login credentials and private key. Among the servers and clients, there is an implementation of a Hypertext Transfer Protocol. The P2P energy trading approach involving renewable energy designed for remote communities is explained and illustrated in this paper.