Highlights the recent important findings in cancer heterogeneity

Abstract

Abstract The therapeutic drugs, agents or techniques for the treatment of cancer could be misled since tumor tissues are frequently heterogeneous and hard to characterize. The changing of tumor microenvironments and epigenetics can mediate immunoescape and dampen the efficacy of adjuvant treatment. This short review highlights the recent important findings in cancer heterogeneity, including cancer immunology, epigenetics and genetic mutations, intratumoral microbiota and cancer stem cells, and contributing to the design of innovative cancer treatment strategy.

Topics & Concepts