Current Practice and Practice Competencies of Clinical Nurse Specialists Working in US Emergency Care Settings
Lisa Wolf, Cydne Perhats, Altair Delao, Denise Campbell, Carla Brim, Gabriel Campos, David House, Amy Rettig, Darlene Williams, Garrett K. Chan
Abstract
PURPOSE/AIMS: The aim of this study was to investigate the current practice of clinical nurse specialists working in US emergency care settings to (1) explicate the application of the Emergency Nurses Association core competencies and define the specialized clinical nurse specialist role in emergency care and (2) align current clinical nurse specialist practice in emergency settings with the National Association of Clinical Nurse Specialists core competencies and the identified substantive areas of clinical nurse specialist practice. DESIGN: This study used a quantitative exploratory descriptive approach using survey data. METHODS: A purposive convenience sample was recruited from the Emergency Nurses Association and the National Association of Clinical Nurse Specialists. Participants completed a 39-item survey based on a consensus process to develop competencies for emergency department (ED)-situated clinical nurse specialists. RESULTS: Respondents (n = 285) reported spending more than 50% of their work time in a primary clinical nurse specialist role. Significant differences in practice were found between geographic location, setting, educational preparation, title protection status, and type of institution. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that that the competencies ascribed to ED-situated clinical nurse specialists are valid in both frequency and importance. However, ED-situated clinical nurse specialists are not fully credentialed or practicing to the full extent of their education and licenses, because of professional, legislative, and environmental limitations.