Numerical modeling of planar lead free perovskite solar cell using tungsten disulfide (WS<sub>2</sub>) as an electron transport layer and Cu<sub>2</sub>O as a hole transport layer
Anjan Kumar, Sangeeta Singh
Abstract
Metal halide-perovskite solar cells have managed to attain soaring heights in power conversion efficiency in the past decade, rising from 3.8% to around 24% in 2019. Formal lead-based perovskites have captivated massive attention because of their then toxic nature and short-term stability of fabricated devices. Therefore, lead-free perovskites have drawn the researcher’s interest in recent years. In this work, we projected a unique planar perovskite structure constituted of [Formula: see text] Tungsten Disulfide [Formula: see text] lead-free perovskite[Formula: see text]. Herein, Tungsten Disulfide (WS 2 ) acts as an electron transport layer (ETL) due to its excellent electron transport capability. The cuprous oxide is used as a hole transport layer (HTL) due to its perfect band alignment with perovskites. The proposed structure is quantitatively analyzed using a solar cell capacitance simulator. The simulation carried out revealed that tin halide perovskite (CH 3 NH 3 SnI 3 ) is having the great potential to be an absorbent layer. The proposed configuration demonstrated excellent power configuration efficiency (PCE) of 23% at an optimized thickness of different segments. The impact of neutral defect density and position of defect energy level with respect to active layer on device performance was quantitatively analyzed. The results showed that values of performance parameters ([Formula: see text], FF, [Formula: see text] and PCE) of proposed device configurations are drastically reduced with increasing the total defect density of interfacial and perovskite layers. These simulated results will help the researchers working in the specific area of lead-free perovskite solar cell (LFPSC) fabrication.