Insulin Resistance and Diabetes Mellitus in Patients with Systemic LupusErythematosus
Mario García‐Carrasco, Claudia Mendoza‐Pinto, Pamela Munguía‐Realpozo, Ivet Etchegaray‐Morales, Sandra Karina Vélez-Pelcastre, Socorro Méndez‐Martínez, Irma Zamora‐Ginez, Luis G. Vázquez de Lara, José Luis Gálvez-Romero, Marco Antonio Escamilla-Márquez
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by damage to multiple systems and a higher risk of cardiovascular disease. In addition, several studies have found that insulin resistance (IR) is more prevalent in SLE patients than controls, increasing the risk of prediabetes, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and morbidity. The objective of this review article was to summarize the most relevant evidence about the relationship among IR, T2DM and SLE, including the effects of proinflammatory states, acute-phase proteins, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and pharmacological SLE treatment. A better understanding of the mechanisms involved in these comorbidities will allow better treatment strategies.