Cascaded Interleaved DC–DC Converter for a Bidirectional Electric Vehicle Charging Station
Wagner Coelho Leal, Marcelo Oliveira Godinho, Renan F. Bastos, Cassius R. Aguiar, Guilherme Henrique Favaro Fuzato, Ricardo Q. Machado
Abstract
The dc-dc bidirectional step-up interleaved converter coupled by a central capacitor in a cascaded topology is used as a Bidirectional Electric Vehicle Charging Station (BEVCS) for charging and discharging the battery of an Electric Vehicle (EV). In this paper, a unified (coupled) model is proposed combining all switching intervals in a single model, allowing an accurate analysis and a better design for the controllers. In addition, this solution enables not only stage 1 to regulate the dc-link voltage on the terminals of stage 2, but also to use a classical Proportional-Integral ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$PI$</tex-math></inline-formula> ) controller or an adaptive <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\boldsymbol{SoC}$</tex-math></inline-formula> -sharing function as a control structure. Finally, stability analysis, simulations, and experimental results are accomplished to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.