Nickel-Catalyzed Etherification of Phenols and Aryl Halides through Visible-Light-Induced Energy Transfer
Da‐Liang Zhu, Shan Jiang, Qi Wu, Hao Wang, Haiyan Li, Hong‐Xi Li, Hong-Xi Li, Hong-Xi Li
Abstract
Notwithstanding some progress in nickel-catalyzed etherification of alkanols and arylhalides, the ability of such a Ni-catalyzed transformation employing phenols to diaryl ethers is unsuccessful due to phenolates with much lower reduction potentials, which suppress the oxidation of nickel(II) intermediates into requisite Ni(III) species. We herein report visible-light-initiated, nickel-catalyzed O-arylation of phenols with arylhalides using t-BuNH(i-Pr) as the base and thioxanthen-9-one as the photosensitizer under visible light. This photocoupling exhibits a broad substrate scope.
Topics & Concepts
ChemistryNickelCatalysisArylPhenolsHalideVisible spectrumPhotochemistrySubstrate (aquarium)Organic chemistryGeologyOceanographyOptoelectronicsAlkylPhysicsRadical Photochemical ReactionsSulfur-Based Synthesis TechniquesCatalytic C–H Functionalization Methods