Interim Estimates of 2024–2025 COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness Among Adults Aged ≥18 Years — VISION and IVY Networks, September 2024–January 2025
Ruth Link‐Gelles, Sean Chickery, A Webber, Toan C. Ong, Elizabeth Rowley, Malini B. DeSilva, Kristin Dascomb, Stephanie A. Irving, Nicola P. Klein, Shaun J. Grannis, Michelle A. Barron, Sarah E. Reese, Charlene McEvoy, Tamara Sheffield, Allison L. Naleway, Ousseny Zerbo, Colin Rogerson, Wesley H. Self, Yuwei Zhu, Adam S. Lauring, Emily T. Martin, Ithan D. Peltan, Adit A. Ginde, Nicholas M. Mohr, Kevin W. Gibbs, David N. Hager, Matthew E. Prekker, Amira Mohamed, Nicholas J. Johnson, Jay S. Steingrub, Akram Khan, Jamie Felzer, Abhijit Duggal, Jennifer G. Wilson, Nida Qadir, Christopher Mallow, Jennie H. Kwon, Cristie Columbus, Ivana A. Vaughn, Basmah Safdar, Jarrod Mosier, Estelle S. Harris, James D. Chappell, Natasha Halasa, Cassandra Johnson, Karthik Natarajan, Nathaniel M. Lewis, Sascha Ellington, Emily Reeves, Jennifer DeCuir, Meredith McMorrow, Clinton R. Paden, Amanda B. Payne, Fatimah S. Dawood, Diya Surie, CDC COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness Collaborators, CDC COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness Collaborators, Joshua C. Acidera, Laura Aguilar Marquez, Omobosola Akinsete, Harith Ali, Erika Alor, Ike Appleton, Julie Arndorfer, Olivia Arter, Sarah Ball, Jaskiran Bansal, Anna Barrow, Leonard Basobas, Adrienne Baughman, Paul W. Blair, Lawrence Block, Bryce Bosworth, Noah Brazer, Genesis Briceño, Daniel Bride, Samuel M. Brown, Sydney Buehrig, Ashley Bychkowski, Sukantha Chandresakaran, Steven Y. Chang, Catia Chávez, Dylan Clark, Sydney A. Cornelison, Jonathan M. Davis, Brian E. Dixon, Thomas J. Duszynski, Inih Essien, Yvette Evans, William F. Fadel, Cathy Fairfield, Courtney Feitsam, Samantha Ferguson, T. L. Fisher, Omai B. Garner, Sheila Gasparek, Heath Gibbs, Daniela Gonzalez, Alexandra June Gordon, Anirudh Goyal
Abstract
COVID-19 vaccination averted approximately 68,000 hospitalizations during the 2023-24 respiratory season. In June 2024, CDC and the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommended that all persons aged ≥6 months receive a 2024-2025 COVID-19 vaccine, which targets Omicron JN.1 and JN.1-derived sublineages. Interim effectiveness of 2024-2025 COVID-19 vaccines was estimated against COVID-19-associated emergency department (ED) or urgent care (UC) visits during September 2024-January 2025 among adults aged ≥18 years in one CDC-funded vaccine effectiveness (VE) network, against COVID-19-associated hospitalization in immunocompetent adults aged ≥65 years in two networks, and against COVID-19-associated hospitalization among adults aged ≥65 years with immunocompromising conditions in one network. Among adults aged ≥18 years, VE against COVID-19-associated ED/UC visits was 33% (95% CI = 28%-38%) during the first 7-119 days after vaccination. Among immunocompetent adults aged ≥65 years from two CDC networks, VE estimates against COVID-19-associated hospitalization were 45% (95% CI = 36%-53%) and 46% (95% CI = 26%-60%) during the first 7-119 days after vaccination. Among adults aged ≥65 years with immunocompromising conditions in one network, VE was 40% (95% CI = 21%-54%) during the first 7-119 days after vaccination. These findings demonstrate that vaccination with a 2024-2025 COVID-19 vaccine dose provides additional protection against COVID-19-associated ED/UC encounters and hospitalizations compared with not receiving a 2024-2025 dose and support current CDC and ACIP recommendations that all persons aged ≥6 months receive a 2024-2025 COVID-19 vaccine dose.