How does AI promote design iteration? The optimal time to integrate AI into the design process
Chuyi Zhou, Xiyuan Zhang, Chunyang Yu
Abstract
Design encompasses an iterative problem-solving process. While prior research has acknowledged the significance of mental iteration within this process, limited attention has been given to methods for enhancing it.This paper addresses this gap by investigating the impact of integrating artificial intelligence (AI) augmentation into the design iteration process. The primary objectives are to assess the potential augmentation of design by AI and to determine the optimal timing for AI integration. A comprehensive empirical investigation involving 48 designers and various AI-augmented conditions was conducted to substantiate the role of AI in design.The findings reveal that AI augmentation significantly enhances designer performance, improving both the efficiency of the iteration process and the quality of solutions generated in terms of depth and breadth. Comparative analyses with the Baseline demonstrate the positive impact of AI augmentation. Notably, performance under Real-time and On-demand conditions surpasses that of In-stage, emphasising the importance of selecting the right timing for AI integration.This study not only contributes theoretical support for the development of AI-augmented tools but also provides valuable insights for the advancement of design education.