GNSS-grade space atomic frequency standards: Current status and ongoing developments
Etienne Batori, Nil Almat, C. Affolderbach, G. Mileti
Abstract
We present an overview on the current state of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS)-grade or better space atomic frequency standards’ (SAFS) technologies and discuss their applications. We estimate that a total of more than 1000 such standards were sent to space so far, the vast majority consisting of rubidium-cell frequency standards, Cs atomic beam frequency standards, and passive hydrogen masers. Finally, we review a variety of ongoing developments in view of future new generations of GNSS-grade SAFSs.
Topics & Concepts
GNSS applicationsAtomic beamSatellite systemHydrogen maserAtomic clockSatelliteSpace (punctuation)Variety (cybernetics)Space ScienceComputer scienceEnvironmental scienceTelecommunicationsRemote sensingPhysicsGlobal Positioning SystemBeam (structure)GeographyAstronomyOpticsOperating systemArtificial intelligenceAtomic and Subatomic Physics ResearchAdvanced Frequency and Time StandardsIonosphere and magnetosphere dynamics