Green synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles CuO NPs from Eucalyptus Globoulus leaf extract: Adsorption and design of experiments
Zahrah Alhalili
Abstract
The study is concerned with synthesizing copper oxide nanoparticles with leaf extract Eucalyptus Globoulus. The results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) revealed that the green synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles are spherical and have a mean particle size of 88 nm, with a negative zeta potential of −16.9 mV. The XRD graph showed the crystalline and monoclinic phases of CuO nanoparticles. The average crystalline size around 85.80 nm was observed by the Debye–Scherrer formula. The adsorption characteristics of the nano-adsorbents were investigated using methyl orange, and the adsorption efficiency at room temperature attained 95 mg/g. Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) adsorb methyl orange dye most effectively at pH 4.5 when the dye is applied in quantities of 0.04 g/50 mL. Box–Behnken design (BBD) in response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize various process parameters, such as pH solution (X1: 2 – 11), adsorbing dose (X2: 0.01 – 0.08 g/L), [MO] dye concentration (X3: 10 – 80 mg/L). Overall, the adjusted coefficient of determination (R2) value of 0.99 demonstrated that the used model was quite appropriate, and the chosen RSM was effective in optimization the decolorization conditions of MO.