The relationship between morphological properties and thresholds to extracellular electric stimulation in <i>α</i> RGCs
Paul Werginz, Vineeth Raghuram, Shelley I. Fried
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Retinal prostheses strive to restore vison to patients that are blind from retinal degeneration by electrically stimulating surviving retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). The quality of elicited percepts remains limited however and it is desirable to develop improved stimulation strategies. Here, we examine how the anatomical and biophysical properties of RGCs influence activation thresholds, including the effects of variations found naturally. APPROACH: Detailed reconstructions were made of a large number of mouse α RGCs and were used to create an array of model cells; the models were used to study the effects of individual anatomical features on activation threshold to electric stimulation. Stimulation was delivered epiretinally from a point-source or disk electrode and consisted of monophasic or biphasic rectangular pulses. MAIN RESULTS: 1.6 had diminishing effects. The distance between the AIS and the electrode affects threshold levels while alignment of the electrode with the axon or dendritic parts of the RGC can result in lower thresholds, even if the distance to the cell remains the same. SIGNIFICANCE: Intrinsic morphological features can influence activation thresholds with the AIS having the strongest influence. However, the combined influence remains limited and may not be large enough to allow for selective activation between different RGC types.