Expert Consensus on Pathological Diagnosis of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma (2022 version)
Han Wang, Jun Chen, Xin Zhang, Xia Sheng, Xiaoyan Chang, Jie Chen, Minshan Chen, Hui Dong, Guangjie Duan, He-Ping Hu, Zhiyong Huang, Weidong Jia, Xiaoqing Jiang, Dong Kuang, Shanshan Li, Zengshan Li, Changli Lu, Shukui Qin, Xue-Shan Qiu, Lijuan Qu, Chun‐Kui Shao, Feng Shen, Guo‐Ming Shi, Su-Sheng Shi, Yujun Shi, Hui‐Chuan Sun, Xiaodong Teng, Bin Wang, Zhanbo Wang, Tianfu Wen, Jiamei Yang, Qiaoqiao Yang, Sheng‐Long Ye, Hongfang Yin, Zhengang Yuan, Jing‐Ping Yun, Fenglin Zang, Hongqi Zhang, Lihong Zhang, Jingmin Zhao, Jian Zhou, Weixun Zhou, Jia Fan, Xiaoping Chen, Wan Yee Lau, Yuan Ji, Wen‐Ming Cong
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) can originate from the large bile duct group (segment bile ducts and area bile ducts), small bile duct group (septal bile ducts and interlobular bile ducts), and terminal bile duct group (bile ductules and canals of Hering) of the intrahepatic biliary tree, which can be histopathological corresponding to large duct type iCCA, small duct type iCCA and iCCA with ductal plate malformation pattern, and cholangiolocarcinoma, respectively. The challenge in pathological diagnosis of above subtypes of iCCA falls in the distinction of cellular morphologies, tissue structures, growth patterns, invasive behaviors, immunophenotypes, molecular mutations, and surgical prognoses. For these reasons, this expert consensus provides nine recommendations as a reference for standardizing and refining the diagnosis of pathological subtypes of iCCA, mainly based on the 5th edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Tumours of the Digestive System.