Bioactive Compounds and Health Functions of Plums: Current Status and Future Opportunities
Ming-Qiang Xu, Samuel Ariyo Okaiyeto, Xiaoxiao Niu, Qinghui Wang, Sriram K. Vidyarthi, Haiou Wang, Lizhen Deng, Parag Prakash Sutar, Hong‐Wei Xiao
Abstract
This review thoroughly explores the multifaceted benefits associated with the consumption of plums, an affordable yet nutritionally rich fruit. The analysis delves into the diverse bioactive substances found in plums, including phenolic compounds, lipids, organic and amino acids, vitamins, minerals, and carbohydrates. The synergistic interplay of these elements contributes to various aspects of maintaining overall health. Notably, plums boast a high anthocyanin content, endowing them with potent antioxidant capacity to combat oxidative stress. Compounds like chlorogenic acid and quercetin, prevalent in plums, have been investigated for their potential anticancer effects. The abundance of vitamins in plums plays a crucial role in synthesizing osteocalcin, a protein vital for bone mineralization. Additionally, studies suggest that diets rich in polyphenols, as exemplified by plum consumption, may enhance insulin sensitivity and improve glucose metabolism. This comprehensive review not only highlights the existing health benefits of plum consumption but also proposes avenues for future research. Special emphasis is placed on the imperative need to explore methods for reducing Cyanogenic glycosides in plums, opening up possibilities for further investigation and advancement in plum supplementation research.