Drug Release Stimulated by Magnetic Field and Light on Magnetite- and Carbon Dot-Loaded Carbon Nanohorn
Chin-Hao Su, Andree Soendoro, Shinya Okayama, Fitriani Jati Rahmania, Takashi Nagai, Toyoko Imae, Kaname Tsutsumiuchi, Noriyasu Kawai
Abstract
Abstract Magnetite nanoparticles of 9 nm size were synthesized by co-precipitation, hybridized with carbon dots by in situ hydrothermal treatment, and chemically bound on an acid-treated carbon nanohorn through carbon dots. Separately, magnetite nanoparticles were in situ deposited on an acid-treated carbon nanohorn. Both composites were well dispersed in aqueous medium and displayed magnetism. These composites were examined for drug (doxorubicin and gemcitabine) loading/release and, additionally, a carbon dot-immobilized composite exerted the influence of the photodynamic/photothermal effects under laser light emission on gemcitabine release. The release of gemcitabine from magnetite-bound composite was completed when the hyperthermia procedure was conducted together under a magnet. Thus, the magnetite- and carbon dot-including composites possess possible simultaneous usage in phototherapy and thermotherapy including hyperthermia beside chemotherapy.