Interoception, network physiology and the emergence of bodily self-awareness
Diego Candia‐Rivera, Tahnée Engelen, Mariana Babo-Rebelo, Paula Salamone
Abstract
The interplay between the brain and interoceptive signals is key in maintaining internal balance and orchestrating neural dynamics, encompassing influences on perceptual and self-awareness. Central to this interplay is the differentiation between the external world, others and the self, a cornerstone in the construction of bodily self-awareness. This review synthesizes physiological and behavioral evidence illustrating how interoceptive signals can mediate or influence bodily self-awareness, by encompassing interactions with various sensory modalities. To deepen our understanding of the basis of bodily self-awareness, we propose a network physiology perspective. This approach explores complex neural computations across multiple nodes, shifting the focus from localized areas to large-scale neural networks. It examines how these networks operate in parallel with and adapt to changes in visceral activities. Within this framework, we propose to investigate physiological factors that disrupt bodily self-awareness, emphasizing the impact of interoceptive pathway disruptions, offering insights across several clinical contexts. This integrative perspective not only can enhance the accuracy of mental health assessments but also paves the way for targeted interventions. • Disturbances of bodily self-awareness highlight its malleable nature. • All sensory modalities appear to interact with interoceptive mechanisms. • Bodily self-awareness is highly intertwined with interoceptive networks. • Network physiology frameworks can unveil the foundations of bodily self-awareness. • These developments have direct impact in associated pathological conditions.