High-Performance Alkali Metal Ion Storage in Bi<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> Enabled by Suppression of Polyselenide Shuttling Through Intrinsic Sb-Substitution Engineering
Zhengguang Zou, Zhiqi Yu, Chi Chen, Qian Wang, Kai Zhu, Ke Ye, Guiling Wang, Dianxue Cao, Jun Yan
Abstract
Bismuth selenide holds great promise as a kind of conversion-alloying-type anode material for alkali metal ion storage because of its layered structure with large interlayer spacing and high theoretical specific capacity. Nonetheless, its commercial development has been significantly hammered by the poor kinetics, severe pulverization, and polyselenide shuttle during the charge/discharge process. Herein, Sb-substitution and carbon encapsulation strategies are simultaneously employed to synthesize Sb x Bi 2– x Se 3 nanoparticles decorated on Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene with encapsulation of N-doped carbon (Sb x Bi 2– x Se 3 /MX⊂NC) as anodes for alkali metal ion storage. The superb electrochemical performances could be assigned to the cationic displacement of Sb 3+ that effectively inhibits the shuttling effect of soluble polyselenides and the confinement engineering that alleviates the volume change during the sodiation/desodiation process. When used as anodes for sodium- and lithium-ion batteries, the Sb 0.4 Bi 1.6 Se 3 /MX⊂NC composite exhibits superior electrochemical performances. This work offers valuable guidance to suppress the shuttling of polyselenides/polysulfides in high-performance alkali metal ion batteries with conversion/alloying-type transition metal sulfide/selenide anode materials.