Impact of time-correlated noise on zero-noise extrapolation
Kevin Schultz, Ryan LaRose, Andrea Mari, Gregory Quiroz, Nathan Shammah, B. D. Clader, William J. Zeng
Abstract
Zero-noise extrapolation is a quantum error mitigation technique that has typically been studied under the ideal approximation that the noise acting on a quantum device is not time correlated. In this paper, we investigate the feasibility and performance of zero-noise extrapolation in the presence of time-correlated noise. We show that, in contrast to white noise, time-correlated noise is harder to mitigate via zero-noise extrapolation because it is difficult to scale the noise level without also modifying its spectral distribution. This limitation is particularly strong if ``local'' gate-level methods are applied for noise scaling. However, we find that ``global'' noise-scaling methods, e.g., global unitary folding, can be sufficiently reliable even in the presence of time-correlated noise.