A bioactive nanocomposite sponge for simultaneous hemostasis and antimicrobial therapy
Jiani Lei, Shanshan Li, Shuang Liu, Qingyuan Wu, Bolong Xu, Zhijun Huang, Nier Wu, Xiaolu Xiong, Huiyu Liu, Dongsheng Zhou
Abstract
Uncontrollable bleeding and bacterial infections are the major reasons for the high mortality of post-traumatic. In this study, a composite hemostatic chitosan sponge CaO 2 @SiO 2 /CS was prepared by combining a novel core—shell inorganic nano hemostatic CaO 2 @SiO 2 nanoparticles with carboxylated chitosan, which presents a multi-layered structure with a rough and hydrophilic surface for rapid absorption of blood. When the CaO 2 @SiO 2 nanoparticles in the CaO 2 @SiO 2 /CS come into contact with blood, the silanol group on its surface and the released H 2 O 2 and Ca 2+ can recruit and activate platelets, while generating fibrin clots and activating the endo-exogenous coagulation cascade reaction to achieve rapid clotting. The H 2 O 2 released from CaO 2 @SiO 2 shows the antimicrobial capacity and stimulates the production of tissue factors by endothelial cells. Meanwhile, the silica coating reduces the cytotoxicity of bare CaO 2 , thus reducing the risk of secondary bleeding at the site of vascular injury. CaO 2 @SiO 2 /CS (48 s) showed a 1.83- and 2.52-fold reduction in hemostasis time compared to commercial gelfoam and CS in a femoral artery hemorrhage model. This study illustrates the hemostatic mechanism of CaO 2 @SiO 2 and provides a reference for the development of clinical biomedical inorganic hemostatic materials.