High‐Performance and Large‐Area Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells Based on <scp>NiO</scp><sub>x</sub> Films Enabled with A Novel <scp>Microstructure‐Control</scp> Technology
Guibin Shen, Xin Li, Yuqin Zou, Hongye Dong, Dongping Zhu, Yang-Lin Jiang, Xin Ren Ng, Fen Lin, Peter Müller‐Buschbaum, Cheng Mu
Abstract
The improvement in the efficiency of inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is significantly limited by undesirable contact at the NiO X /perovskite interface. In this study, a novel microstructure‐control technology is proposed for fabrication of porous NiO X films using Pluronic P123 as the structure‐directing agent and acetylacetone (AcAc) as the coordination agent. The synthesized porous NiO X films enhanced the hole extraction efficiency and reduced recombination defects at the NiO X /perovskite interface. Consequently, without any modification, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the PSC with MAPbI 3 as the absorber layer improved from 16.50% to 19.08%. Moreover, the PCE of the device composed of perovskite Cs 0.05 (MA 0.15 FA 0.85 ) 0.95 Pb(I 0.85 Br 0.15 ) 3 improved from 17.49% to 21.42%. Furthermore, the application of the fabricated porous NiO X on fluorine‐doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates enabled the fabrication of large‐area PSCs (1.2 cm 2 ) with a PCE of 19.63%. This study provides a novel strategy for improving the contact at the NiO X /perovskite interface for the fabrication of high‐performance large‐area perovskite solar cells.