Colloidal Synthesis of Monodisperse High-Entropy Spinel Oxide Nanocrystals
Jonathan L. Rowell, Minsoo Kang, Dasol Yoon, Kevin Zhijian Jiang, Yafu Jia, Héctor D. Abruña, David A. Muller, Richard D. Robinson
Abstract
Synthesis of high-entropy oxide (HEO) nanocrystals has focused on increasing the temperature in the entropy term ( T (Δ S )) to overcome the enthalpy term. However, these high temperatures lead to large, polydisperse nanocrystals. In this work, we leverage the low solubility product ( K sp ) of metal oxides and optimize the Lewis-acid-catalyzed esterification reaction for equal rate production of the cation monomers to synthesize HEO nanocrystals at low temperatures, producing the smallest (<4 nm) and most monodisperse (<15% size dispersity) HEOs to date. We apply these HEO nanocrystals as electrocatalysts, exhibiting promising activity toward the oxygen evolution reaction in alkaline media, with an overpotential of 345 mV at 10 mA/cm 2 .