Biomass gasification to syngas in thermal water vapor arc discharge plasma
Andrius Tamošiūnas, Dovilė Gimžauskaitė, Mindaugas Aikas, Rolandas Uscila, Vilma Snapkauskienė, Kęstutis Zakarauskas, Marius Praspaliauskas
Abstract
Abstract This study investigated biomass (wood pellets) gasification to syngas using direct current (DC) thermal arc plasma at atmospheric pressure. Water vapor was used as a main gasifying agent and a plasma-forming gas. The biomass gasification system was quantified in terms of the producer gas composition, the tar content, the H 2 /CO ratio, the carbon conversion efficiency, the energy conversion efficiency and the specific energy requirements. It was found that the gasification performance efficiency was highest at the water vapor-to-biomass ratio of 0.97. The producer gas was mostly composed of H 2 (43.86 vol.%) and CO (30.93 vol.%), giving the H 2 /CO ratio of 1.42 and the LHV of 10.23 MJ/Nm 3 . However, high content of tars of 13.81 g/Nm 3 was obtained in the syngas. The yield of H 2 and CO was 48.31% and 58.13%, respectively, with the highest producer gas yield of 2.42 Nm 3 /kg biomass. The carbon conversion efficiency and the energy conversion efficiency were 100% and 48.83%, respectively, and the production of 1 kg of syngas required 1.78 kWh of electric energy input. Finally, the obtained results were compared with different plasma methods, including plasma-assisted application coupled with conventional gasification.