γ-Ray-Assisted Synthesis of a Pt–Sn <i>Bimetallic</i> Composite Loaded on Graphene–Graphitic Carbon Nitride Hybrid: A Cocktail Electrocatalyst for the Methanol Oxidation Reaction
Durgasha C. Poudyal, Rajshree Dugani, Banendu Sunder Dash, Manjiri Dhavale, Ashis Kumar Satpati, Santosh K. Haram
Abstract
The composite of Pt with transition metals is viewed as the most promising anode material for direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) applications. Besides the decrease in the Pt loading, these multimetallic structures help in circumventing CO poisoning issues associated with a Pt catalyst. Herein, we prepared and loaded Pt–Sn bimetallic nanoparticles on an electron-rich and stable substrate consisting of graphitic nitride (GCN) and graphene oxide (GO)/reduced graphene oxide (r-GO) hybrid composites. The γ-radiolysis method was employed for coreduction of metal salts to deposit the binary composite of metal nanoparticles over the substrates. These structures were tested as the anode material for the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR). Among various possible combinations, Pt–Sn-loaded rGO-GCN (Pt–Sn/rGO-GCN) demonstrated the current density of ca. 2.4 A/mgPt. To the best of our knowledge, this value is among the highest ones, reported for similar systems in the acidic pH. Furthermore, these composites demonstrated excellent stability in the repeated cycle test. The improved performance is associated to the plenty of −OH groups provided by the Sn counterpart and a large number of adsorption sites from the electron-reached GCN counterpart.