Metabolic Reprogramming of Innate Immune Cells as a Possible Source of New Therapeutic Approaches in Autoimmunity
Leila Mohammadnezhad, Mojtaba Shekarkar Azgomi, Marco Pio La Manna, Guido Sireci, Chiara Rizzo, Giusto Davide Badami, Bartolo Tamburini, Francesco Dieli, Giuliana Guggino, Nadia Caccamo
Abstract
Immune cells undergo different metabolic pathways or immunometabolisms to interact with various antigens. Immunometabolism links immunological and metabolic processes and is critical for innate and adaptive immunity. Although metabolic reprogramming is necessary for cell differentiation and proliferation, it may mediate the imbalance of immune homeostasis, leading to the pathogenesis and development of some diseases, such as autoimmune diseases. Here, we discuss the effects of metabolic changes in autoimmune diseases, exerted by the leading actors of innate immunity, and their role in autoimmunity pathogenesis, suggesting many immunotherapeutic approaches.