Plasmonic silver (Ag)-based photocatalysts for H2 production and CO2 conversion: Review, analysis and perspectives
George V. Belessiotis, Athanassios G. Kontos
Abstract
In this review, the most recent developments regarding highly efficient photocatalytic composites containing plasmonic silver (Ag) are reported, with a detailed description of their Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) mechanisms, structural and electrochemical properties and their application in renewable fuel production through photocatalysis , specifically through water splitting towards hydrogen production and through carbon dioxide reduction towards the production of methane (CH 4 ), methanol (CH 3 OH) and other chemicals. Firstly, an analysis of plasmonic composite properties shows their advantages for photocatalytic applications: enhancements induced by the localized SPR effect increase photo-charge production near the semiconductor surface with improved charge separation and light responsiveness in a wider spectral range. Next, a review of the effects of silver integration on the material properties of semiconductors, examined via physicochemical characterization techniques, is performed. Then, a critical view of recent photocatalysis applications of silver composites for the generation of hydrogen and carbon dioxide conversion products is presented, with a focus on the effect of silver integration on their mechanisms and performance. Finally, applications of the generated hydrogen and the CO 2 reduction-produced CH 4 and CH 3 OH are explored.