Litcius/Paper detail

Protocol for multiplex whole-mount RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization combined with immunohistochemistry in the mosquito brain

Anya Suppermpool, Chintan A. Trivedi, Gareth T. Powell, Marta Andrés

2025STAR Protocols7 citationsDOIOpen Access PDF

Abstract

Advances in sequencing technologies have enabled transcriptional profiling of previously understudied yet critical species, such as mosquitoes. Here, we present a protocol for multiplex whole-mount RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization combined with immunohistochemistry in the Anopheles gambiae brain. We describe steps for dissection, fixation, probe hybridization, hybridization chain reaction (HCR) probe detection, and primary antibody application. We then detail procedures for tissue preparation and imaging. The protocol is optimized for assessing 3D spatial gene expression in mosquito brains. • Step-by-step workflow for combined in situ HCR and immunohistochemistry • Simultaneous visualization of mRNA and protein in whole brain tissue for An. gambiae • Designer tool for customizable and cost-effective HCR probes Publisher’s note: Undertaking any experimental protocol requires adherence to local institutional guidelines for laboratory safety and ethics. Advances in sequencing technologies have enabled transcriptional profiling of previously understudied yet critical species, such as mosquitoes. Here, we present a protocol for multiplex whole-mount RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization combined with immunohistochemistry in the Anopheles gambiae brain. We describe steps for dissection, fixation, probe hybridization, hybridization chain reaction (HCR) probe detection, and primary antibody application. We then detail procedures for tissue preparation and imaging. The protocol is optimized for assessing 3D spatial gene expression in mosquito brains.

Topics & Concepts

In situ hybridizationMultiplexMolecular biologyImmunohistochemistryIn situBiologyFluorescence in situ hybridizationRNARiboprobeGene expressionAnopheles gambiaeChemistryGeneGene expression profilingFluorescenceComputational biologyAntibodyHybridization probeReal-time polymerase chain reactionCell biologyMultiplex polymerase chain reactionVirologyChromosomal and Genetic Variations